Journal of Dentomaxillofacil Radiology, Pathology and Surgery
Volume:10 Issue: 1, Winter 2021

Infective endocarditis is a rare disease of the heart valves and endocardium, which can be developed after invasive dental procedures. To prevent this event, antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended for patients with predisposing cardiac conditions. The purpose of this study was to assess the knowledge of general dentists working in Guilan province regarding antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of infective endocarditis.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 264 general dentists in Guilan province using a validated questionnaire. There were 157 males and 107 females. The questionnaire included 25 questions. The total score ranges from 0 to 25 with this classification: [0-12: low level, 13-17: moderate level and 18-25: high level]. Age, gender, clinical experience, place of work and participation in retraining programs of participants were also recorded. Data analysis was performed using T-test and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient with the SPSS version 24.

The mean knowledge score of the dentists was 14.43 and 53.2% of participants had moderate level of knowledge. 28.1% and 18.7% of dentists had a low and high level of knowledge, respectively. No significant differences were noted in the knowledge scores between the two genders and regarding age, clinical experience and participation in retraining programs (p-value >0.05).

The knowledge level of general dentists working in Guilan province was at  a moderate level. Therefore, it is better to take actions to improve the dentist’s knowledge regarding this topic.

The ultimate goal of endodontic treatment is to prevent pathogens from entering the root canal and surrounding tissues. The quality of root canal filling is a leading factor determining the success or failure of root canal treatment. This study was carried out to compare the apical seal of teeth prepared for post space using three different techniques of root canal filling.

Experiments were conducted on 36 human extracted anterior and permanent single canal teeth. Participants were divided into three subgroups, each with 12 members. Cold Lateral Compaction (CLC), Warm Vertical Compaction (WVC), and Single Cone (SC) techniques were used to fill the canal respectively in subgroups I, II, and III. The coronal part of the root canal was removed in order to prepare the post space for filling. Pelican ink was utilized to examine the penetration of linear leakage, and dye penetration was measured by a stereomicroscope. The normality of the data was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, and Levon’s test was employed to study the homogeneity of variance of the studied groups. Groups were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test, and ultimately, the Mann-Whitney test with Bonferroni correction was used for the pairwise comparison of groups.

The mean leakage in CLC and WVC techniques was lower than that of the SC technique. The highest leakage (6.32 ± 1.20 mm on average) was observed in the SC technique, followed by the CLC technique (5.49 ± 1.23 mm on average), and the WVC technique (4.95 ± 1.35 on average). A meaningful difference was observed between WVC and SC techniques (p = 0.021).

CLC and WVC techniques yielded a lower mean leakage and better apical seal, as compared to the SC technique.

candida-associated-denture-stomatitis (CADS) is the most common oral infection, affecting approximately 60% of denture wearers in some populations which have a high recurrence rate in spite of medical treatments . Recently, much attention has been paid to the use of natural antimicrobial compounds. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of punica granatum linn gel(PGLG) with the use of nystatin on growth of Candida albicans.

We prepared 32 patients with CADS divided into 2 groups of 16 patients. nystatin group and PGLG -treated group. Participant PGLG-treated groups were requested to rinse for two weeks, four times a day, 20 drops for 2-3 minutes each day, and then for 30 minutes to avoid eating and drinking. Amount of inflammation and number of colony-forming units (CFU/ml) for each group was counted and compared. Analysis of covariance considering the size of the primary lesion as co-variate was used (software spss 22).

Both Inflammation and number of  Candida colonies in the nystatin group were less than the PGLG -treated group (p=0.049, p=0.024).

Although Punica granatum linn gel led to a decrease in inflammation and Candida colonies; Nystatin was more effective both in reduction of inflammation and colony counts for the treatment of CADS.

Intraoral manipulation is performed during endotracheal intubation for general anesthesia, which can traumatize the soft and hard tissue in the oral cavity and cause postoperative pain and discomfort. Dental trauma is the most common complication of intubation. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of dental complications due to intubation in patients hospitalized in Imam Khomeini Hospital during 2018-2019.

A total of 805 patients presenting to the Cancer Institute of Imam Khomeini Hospital for preoperative anesthesia consultation were randomly enrolled. A dentist interviewed the patients and performed a comprehensive clinical oral examination, preoperatively. The patients underwent clinical oral examination by another dentist, postoperatively.

No significant correlation was found between dental trauma (tooth fracture, tooth mobility or soft tissue injury) after intubation with age or gender of patients. According to the Wilcoxon test  and McNemar-Bowker Test, the rate of mobility before the intubation was significantly different from that after the intubation (P=0.000). Maxillary central incisors, maxillary left canine and mandibular right and left central incisors had the highest rate of fracture.

Mobile teeth before the intubation are at higher risk of avulsion and aspiration during the procedure. Patients with primary temporomandibular joint disorders are more susceptible to post-intubation trismus.

Improving the level of oral hygiene is one of the important principles that maintains oral health. There are no studies on the prevalence of dental floss usage and related factors among chronic periodontitis patients in Iran. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of flossing in patients with chronic periodontitis referred to the Dental Clinic of Guilan University of medical sciences in 2019.

In this study, 214 people who had referred to the dental clinic of Guilan University of Medical Sciences for periodontal assessment in 2019, were studied according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. If the relevant hypothesis was established, chisquare test was used and otherwise Fisher exact test was utilized. The software used was SPSS version 24 and significant level of 0.05 was considered in all tests.

According to the collected data, the number of men and women was almost equal. Most of the subjects were in the age group of 30-49. About half of surveyed people had under diploma education and most of them were married. About one third of these patients have visited a dentist less than a year ago. According to the results, there was no significant relationship between gender and flossing, as well as between visiting the dentist and the severity of the disease. But there was a significant relationship between marriage, education and brushing with the severity of the disease. The severity of the disease was higher in married people and also increased with decreasing level of education and frequency of brushing.

The prevalence of flossing was similar in men and women and different age groups, but was lesser in people with severe chronic periodontitis and diabetes. So, planning to educate and encourage people to the use dental floss is suggested.

Aggressive periodontitis is a type of periodontal disease that affects systemically healthy individuals usually under the age of 30 years. It is characterized by rapid bone destruction, which is not proportionate to the quantity of bacterial plaque. The purpose of the present study was to determine the frequency of aggressive periodontitis in periodontics clinic of Rasht dental school in one year period.

In this cross-sectional study, 412 patients were selected among those presenting to the Periodontics clinic of Rasht Dental School during 2016-2017 by convenience sampling. The probing pocket depth (PPD) at 6 areas around the incisors and first molars was recorded for each patient. Those with PPD ≥ 4 mm in more than one tooth were referred for radiographic examination. After extraction of relevant clinical trial parameters, data were analyzed by a descriptive statistical method using IVM SPSS Statistical Software (Version 25).

Of examined patients, only 2 fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for localized aggressive periodontitis. No one was diagnosed with generalized aggressive periodontitis. The frequency of aggressive periodontitis among the patients was %0.48.

The current results were different from those of previous studies on the same age groups with similar diagnostic criteria conducted in other countries. This difference can be attributed to the difference in sample size and different epidemiological patterns of the disease in our target city, Rasht.